如何在Python中有效地提取列表元素的特定子集(How to efficiently extract specific subsets of list elements in Python)

 我有一个长度为N的浮点数列表，称为vals ，长度为N的列表为0和1，称为bits 。 我想提取两个列表： vals的元素对应于0的bits ，以及其余的元素对应于1的bits 。 我现在正在做： 
 
 valsbits = zip(vals,bits) 
 
 els0 = [v for v,b in valsbits if b == 0] 
 
 els1 = [v for v,b in valsbits if b == 1] 
 
 但必须有更好的方法。 此外，我正在为许多不同的bits向量执行此操作，因此可能有一种聪明的方法来执行此操作。 

I have a a length N list of floats calledvals and a length N list of 0s and 1s called bits. I want to extract two lists: the elements of vals that correspond to the 0s in bits, and the remaining elements that correspond to the 1s in bits. I'm currently doing:
 
valsbits = zip(vals,bits)
 
els0 = [v for v,b in valsbits if b == 0]
 
els1 = [v for v,b in valsbits if b == 1]
 
but there must be a better way. Also, I'm doing this for many different bits vectors, so there may be a clever way to do this entire operation.

原文：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18726986