Linux内核模块中的module_init和init_module有什么区别？(What is the difference between module_init and init_module in a Linux kernel module?)

 我一直在尝试移植几个Linux驱动程序，并意识到内核版本2.4和2.6之间的Linux有很大的区别。 
 
 在2.4版本的内核中，模块编程如下 - 
 
#define MODULE
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

int init_module(void)      
{ 
printk(KERN_INFO "Hi \n"); 
return 0; 
}

void cleanup_module(void)  
{ 
printk(KERN_INFO "Bye \n"); 
}
 
 但是，对于2.6版本的内核，必须对模块进行以下操作 - 
 
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

static int hi_init(void)
{
    printk(KERN_ALERT "Hi \n");
    return 0;
}

static void hi_exit(void)
{
    printk(KERN_ALERT "Bye \n");
}

module_init(hi_init);
module_exit(hi_exit);
 
 内核2.6中这种变化的优点是什么？为什么Linux内核2.6中需要这种变化？ 

I have been trying to port few linux drivers and realized that there is substantial difference between kernel version 2.4 and 2.6 of linux.
 
In the 2.4 version of kernel, the module programming was as below -
 
#define MODULE
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

int init_module(void)      
{ 
printk(KERN_INFO "Hi \n"); 
return 0; 
}

void cleanup_module(void)  
{ 
printk(KERN_INFO "Bye \n"); 
}
 
But, with the 2.6 version of kernel, the following has to be done for modules -
 
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

static int hi_init(void)
{
    printk(KERN_ALERT "Hi \n");
    return 0;
}

static void hi_exit(void)
{
    printk(KERN_ALERT "Bye \n");
}

module_init(hi_init);
module_exit(hi_exit);
 
What is the advantage of such changes in Kernel 2.6 and Why was that change required in kernel 2.6 of linux ?

原文：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3218320