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C ++中的静态变量(Static variables in C++)

 我想知道一个头文件中静态变量与一个类中声明的区别是什么。 当在头文件中声明静态变量时，其范围限制为.h文件或跨所有单位。 一般静态变量在.cpp文件中被初始化，在类中声明时呢？ 那么这意味着静态可变范围限于2个编译单元？ 

I would like to know what is the difference between static variables in a header file vs declared in a class. When static variable is declared in a header file is its scope limited to .h file or across all units. Also generally static variable is initialized in .cpp file when declared in a class right? So that does mean static variable scope is limited to 2 compilation units?

原文：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3698043

更新时间：2022-03-12 13:03

最满意答案

 您可以使用awk来实现这一点，  
awk '
  NR==FNR{ if(a[$1]=="") a[$1]=$2; next}
  /[0-9]/{
    if(a[$1]==$2){
      print $0,"match"
    } else {
      print $0,"mismatch"
    } id=$1
}' File1 File2
 
 输出：  
2 13 match
2 13 match
3 13 match
3 3 mismatch
5 14 match
5 15 mismatch
 
 简要说明，  
 
  NR==FNR{...} ：在File1中，如果id以前从未显示过，则将id / value保存到数组a  
  if(a[$1]==$2) ：如果id和值在File2中匹配，则将记录视为匹配，否则不匹配。  

You may use awk to achieve that, 
awk '
  NR==FNR{ if(a[$1]=="") a[$1]=$2; next}
  /[0-9]/{
    if(a[$1]==$2){
      print $0,"match"
    } else {
      print $0,"mismatch"
    } id=$1
}' File1 File2
 
Output: 
2 13 match
2 13 match
3 13 match
3 3 mismatch
5 14 match
5 15 mismatch
 
Brief explanation, 
 
 NR==FNR{...}: in File1, save id/value to array a if the id has never shown previously 
 if(a[$1]==$2): if the id and value match in File2, view the record as match, and mismatch otherwise.

C ++中的静态变量(Static variables in C++)

最满意答案

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