使用CUDA的Tensorflow：ImportError(Tensorflow with CUDA: ImportError)

 我已经像NVIDIA（Ubuntu 16.04 Desktop，GTX 970）本教程中所描述的那样逐步安装了TensorFlow： 
 
 http://www.nvidia.com/object/gpu-accelerated-applications-tensorflow-installation.html 
 
 每个步骤都完成没有错误，但如果我之后尝试在Python中导入TensorFlow，我总是得到这个错误消息： 
 
>>> import tensorflow as tf
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 72, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 61, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow', fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: libcudart.so.8.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/g3doc/get_started/os_setup.md#import_error

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.
 
 我已经将CUDA-Toolkit安装到/ opt / cuda / toolkit（也是cuDNN）。 我已经尝试过符号链接： 
 
sudo ln -s /opt/cuda-toolkit /usr/local/cuda
sudo ln -s /opt/cuda-toolkit /usr/local/cuda-8.0
 
 或这个： 
 
sudo export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/cuda-toolkit/lib64:/opt/cuda-toolkit/extras/CUPTI/lib64
sudo export CUDA_HOME=/opt/cuda-toolkit
 
 但错误仍然存​​在。 任何人都可以给我一个暗示，为什么会出现这个错误？ 非常感谢 ：） 

I've installed TensorFlow step by step like described in this tutorial from NVIDIA (Ubuntu 16.04 Desktop, GTX 970):
 
http://www.nvidia.com/object/gpu-accelerated-applications-tensorflow-installation.html
 
Every steps completes without errors, but if I try to import TensorFlow in Python afterwards I'm always gettin' this error message:
 
>>> import tensorflow as tf
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import *
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 72, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/__init__.py", line 61, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow = swig_import_helper()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow', fp, pathname, description)
ImportError: libcudart.so.8.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/g3doc/get_started/os_setup.md#import_error

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.
 
I've installed the CUDA-Toolkit to /opt/cuda/toolkit (also cuDNN). I already tried to symlink:
 
sudo ln -s /opt/cuda-toolkit /usr/local/cuda
sudo ln -s /opt/cuda-toolkit /usr/local/cuda-8.0
 
Or this:
 
sudo export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/cuda-toolkit/lib64:/opt/cuda-toolkit/extras/CUPTI/lib64
sudo export CUDA_HOME=/opt/cuda-toolkit
 
But the error remains. Can anybody give me a hint why this error occurs? Thanks a lot :)

原文：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41746576