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封装与抽象？(Encapsulation vs Abstraction?)

 以下是封装和抽象的简要定义。  
 抽象：  
 
  Java中的抽象过程用于隐藏某些细节，仅显示对象的基本特征。 换句话说，它处理对象（接口）的外部视图。 我唯一看到的不同网站的好例子就是界面。  
 
 封装：  
 
  它基本上是在私有，公共，受保护的等等的修改器的帮助下隐藏对象的状态。只有在需要的时候，我们通过公共方法暴露出状态。  
 
 我们用private ， public修改器实现了我们，也隐藏了来自外部世界的不必要的细节，这也是一个抽象概念  
 因此，从上面的解释看，封装是抽象的一部分，或者我们可以说它是抽象的一个子集。 但是为什么当我们可以处理它的抽象只是发明封装术语？ 我相信应该有一些区别的区别，但网上的大部分材料对他们来说都是一样的。  
 虽然这个问题早已在这个论坛上提出，但我再次发表具体的疑问。 一些答复也表示抽象是一个概念，封装是实现。 但我不买这个 - 如果是真的，那么我可以认为这两个不同的概念是混淆我们的。  
 更新： - 5年后，我提出了自己的答案，这是基于这个帖子和下面的答案的要点  
 
  抽象和封装之间的区别？  
  封装与抽象现实世界的例子  

Here are the brief definitions of encapsulation and abstraction. 
Abstraction: 
 
 The process of abstraction in Java is used to hide certain details and only show the essential features of the object. In other words, it deals with the outside view of an object (interface). The only good example i see for this across different sites is interface. 
 
Encapsulation: 
 
 Its basically about hiding the state of object with the help of modifiers like private,public,protected etc. we expose the state thru public methods only if require. 
 
What we achieve with modifiers like private, public also hides unnecessary details from out side world which is nothing but also a abstraction concept 
So, from above explanation looks like encapsulation is a part of abstraction or we can say it's a subset of abstraction. But why then encapsulation term is invented when we could deal it with abstraction only? I am sure there should be some major difference which distinguishes them but most of material on net says almost same thing for both of them. 
Though this question has been raised on this forum earlier too but I am posting it again with specific doubts. Some replies also says abstraction is a concept and encapsulation is implementation. But I don't buy this - If it is true, then I can think these two different concepts are provided to confuse us. 
Update:- After 5 years i have come up with my own answer whichs is the gist based on answers in this post and below ones 
 
 difference between abstraction and encapsulation? 
 encapsulation vs abstraction real world example 

原文：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8960918

更新时间：2022-05-20 19:05

最满意答案

 在我最近工作的网站上实现自动完成时，我遇到了同样的问题。 这是我想出的解决方案：  
$("input").focusin(function () {
    $(document).keypress(function (e) {
        if (e.which == 13) {
            var firstResult = $(".pac-container .pac-item:first").text();

            var geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
            geocoder.geocode({"address":firstResult }, function(results, status) {
                if (status == google.maps.GeocoderStatus.OK) {
                    var lat = results[0].geometry.location.lat(),
                        lng = results[0].geometry.location.lng(),
                        placeName = results[0].address_components[0].long_name,
                        latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng);

                        $(".pac-container .pac-item:first").addClass("pac-selected");
                        $(".pac-container").css("display","none");
                        $("#searchTextField").val(firstResult);
                        $(".pac-container").css("visibility","hidden");

                    moveMarker(placeName, latlng);

                }
            });
        } else {
            $(".pac-container").css("visibility","visible");
        }

    });
});
 
 http://jsfiddle.net/dodger/pbbhH/ 

I had the same issue when implementing autocomplete on a site I worked on recently. This is the solution I came up with: 
$("input").focusin(function () {
    $(document).keypress(function (e) {
        if (e.which == 13) {
            var firstResult = $(".pac-container .pac-item:first").text();

            var geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
            geocoder.geocode({"address":firstResult }, function(results, status) {
                if (status == google.maps.GeocoderStatus.OK) {
                    var lat = results[0].geometry.location.lat(),
                        lng = results[0].geometry.location.lng(),
                        placeName = results[0].address_components[0].long_name,
                        latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng);

                        $(".pac-container .pac-item:first").addClass("pac-selected");
                        $(".pac-container").css("display","none");
                        $("#searchTextField").val(firstResult);
                        $(".pac-container").css("visibility","hidden");

                    moveMarker(placeName, latlng);

                }
            });
        } else {
            $(".pac-container").css("visibility","visible");
        }

    });
});
 
http://jsfiddle.net/dodger/pbbhH/

封装与抽象？(Encapsulation vs Abstraction?)

最满意答案

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